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Sandro Botticelli, The Mystical Nativity

Micah: the ruler from Bethlehem

A prophet of Judah in the late eighth century BC. Chapter 5 looks for a ruler of Israel from Bethlehem, David’s town, whose origins are from of old.

About this witness

Micah of Moresheth, a town in the lowlands of Judah, prophesied in the late eighth century BC, a contemporary of Isaiah. He denounced the injustice of Jerusalem’s rulers and foretold the city’s fall, while holding out hope of a restored kingdom.

Chapter 5 turns from Jerusalem under siege to Bethlehem, the small town of David’s family in the clan of Ephrathah. From it will come one to rule Israel, whose origins are from of old, who will shepherd his people in the strength of Yahweh and be their peace.

In Matthew the chief priests and scribes cite this verse when Herod the Great, the Roman-backed king of Judea, asks where the Messiah is to be born, and in John the crowds know that the Messiah is to come from Bethlehem (John 7:42). Jewish tradition also read the verse of the Messiah, as the Aramaic paraphrase known as the Targum does; critical scholars read it as a hope for a new David in Micah’s own era. The reader can weigh how it bears on the Gospels’ account.

Out of Bethlehem

2 But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, being small among the clans of Judah, out of you one will come out to me who is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings out are from of old, from ancient times.

3 Therefore he will abandon them until the time that she who is in labor gives birth. Then the rest of his brothers will return to the children of Israel.

4 He shall stand, and shall shepherd in the strength of Yahweh, in the majesty of the name of Yahweh his God. They will live, for then he will be great to the ends of the earth.

Micah 5:2–4
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The text

Chapter 5 of Micah in the World English Bible, with verse numbers.

Chapter 5

1 Now you shall gather yourself in troops, daughter of troops. He has laid siege against us. They will strike the judge of Israel with a rod on the cheek.

2 But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, being small among the clans of Judah, out of you one will come out to me who is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings out are from of old, from ancient times.

3 Therefore he will abandon them until the time that she who is in labor gives birth. Then the rest of his brothers will return to the children of Israel.

4 He shall stand, and shall shepherd in the strength of Yahweh, in the majesty of the name of Yahweh his God. They will live, for then he will be great to the ends of the earth.

5 He will be our peace when Assyria invades our land and when he marches through our fortresses, then we will raise against him seven shepherds, and eight leaders of men.

6 They will rule the land of Assyria with the sword, and the land of Nimrod in its gates. He will deliver us from the Assyrian, when he invades our land, and when he marches within our border.

7 The remnant of Jacob will be among many peoples like dew from Yahweh, like showers on the grass, that don’t wait for man nor wait for the sons of men.

8 The remnant of Jacob will be among the nations, among many peoples, like a lion among the animals of the forest, like a young lion among the flocks of sheep; who, if he goes through, treads down and tears in pieces, and there is no one to deliver.

9 Let your hand be lifted up above your adversaries, and let all of your enemies be cut off.

10 “It will happen in that day”, says Yahweh, “that I will cut off your horses from among you and will destroy your chariots.

11 I will cut off the cities of your land and will tear down all your strongholds.

12 I will destroy witchcraft from your hand. You shall have no soothsayers.

13 I will cut off your engraved images and your pillars from among you; and you shall no more worship the work of your hands.

14 I will uproot your Asherah poles from among you; and I will destroy your cities.

15 I will execute vengeance in anger and wrath on the nations that didn’t listen.”

SourceWorld English Bible (WEB) — https://ebible.org/web/ LicencePublic domain
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