The Jesus Archive
Piero della Francesca, The Resurrection

Jonah: three days in the fish

The story of a prophet who flees God’s call and is swallowed by a great fish for three days and three nights, the sign Jesus gave of his own death and rising.

About this witness

The book of Jonah tells of a prophet named in 2 Kings 14:25 as active under Jeroboam II, king of Israel in the eighth century BC. Jonah son of Amittai is sent to preach against Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, and flees by sea in the opposite direction. Tradition received the book as Jonah’s own account; many scholars date it after the exile and read it as a story told to teach.

Chapter 1 tells of the storm that overtakes Jonah’s ship, the sailors casting lots, and Jonah thrown overboard at his own word, after which the sea grows calm. Yahweh then prepares a huge fish to swallow him, and he is in its belly three days and three nights.

Asked for a sign, Jesus offered only the sign of Jonah: as Jonah was three days and three nights in the fish, so the Son of Man would be in the heart of the earth (Matthew 12:40). In Jewish reading Jonah is a story of repentance and of God’s mercy even to Israel’s enemies, and it is read every year on the Day of Atonement. The reader can weigh the figure Jesus draws from it.

Jonah thrown into the sea

15 So they took up Jonah and threw him into the sea; and the sea ceased its raging.

16 Then the men feared Yahweh exceedingly; and they offered a sacrifice to Yahweh and made vows.

17 Yahweh prepared a huge fish to swallow up Jonah, and Jonah was in the belly of the fish three days and three nights.

Jonah 1:15–17
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The text

Chapter 1 of Jonah in the World English Bible, with verse numbers.

Chapter 1

1 Now Yahweh’s word came to Jonah the son of Amittai, saying,

2 “Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and preach against it, for their wickedness has come up before me.”

3 But Jonah rose up to flee to Tarshish from the presence of Yahweh. He went down to Joppa, and found a ship going to Tarshish; so he paid its fare, and went down into it, to go with them to Tarshish from the presence of Yahweh.

4 But Yahweh sent out a great wind on the sea, and there was a mighty storm on the sea, so that the ship was likely to break up.

5 Then the mariners were afraid, and every man cried to his god. They threw the cargo that was in the ship into the sea to lighten the ship. But Jonah had gone down into the innermost parts of the ship and he was laying down, and was fast asleep.

6 So the ship master came to him, and said to him, “What do you mean, sleeper? Arise, call on your God! Maybe your God will notice us, so that we won’t perish.”

7 They all said to each other, “Come! Let’s cast lots, that we may know who is responsible for this evil that is on us.” So they cast lots, and the lot fell on Jonah.

8 Then they asked him, “Tell us, please, for whose cause this evil is on us. What is your occupation? Where do you come from? What is your country? Of what people are you?”

9 He said to them, “I am a Hebrew, and I fear Yahweh, the God of heaven, who has made the sea and the dry land.”

10 Then the men were exceedingly afraid, and said to him, “What have you done?” For the men knew that he was fleeing from the presence of Yahweh, because he had told them.

11 Then they said to him, “What shall we do to you, that the sea may be calm to us?” For the sea grew more and more stormy.

12 He said to them, “Take me up, and throw me into the sea. Then the sea will be calm for you; for I know that because of me this great storm is on you.”

13 Nevertheless the men rowed hard to get them back to the land; but they could not, for the sea grew more and more stormy against them.

14 Therefore they cried to Yahweh, and said, “We beg you, Yahweh, we beg you, don’t let us die for this man’s life, and don’t lay on us innocent blood; for you, Yahweh, have done as it pleased you.”

15 So they took up Jonah and threw him into the sea; and the sea ceased its raging.

16 Then the men feared Yahweh exceedingly; and they offered a sacrifice to Yahweh and made vows.

17 Yahweh prepared a huge fish to swallow up Jonah, and Jonah was in the belly of the fish three days and three nights.

SourceWorld English Bible (WEB) — https://ebible.org/web/ LicencePublic domain

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